who ran against george washington in the first election

12 other men were on the ballot for that first election in 1789. Answer (1 of 5): At the founding of the Republic, it was not expected that anyone would run for President. George Washington, President of the United States (1789-1797) Born out of the Anti-Federalist faction that had opposed the Constitution in 1788, the Democratic-Republican Party was the main opposition to the agenda of Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton. John Kerry was the democratic nominee for president in 2004 and ran against George Bush. In some states, there was a nominal religious test for voting. The Presidency of George Washington. On April 14, Washington received official confirmation from Congress that he had been elected the first President of the United States. The second presidential election represented and reflected the democratic idea that presidential elections every four years would be a regular and frequent feature of American politics. The successful execution of a second democratic election in the United States helped legitimize the institution of the American presidency. The vote totals of Kentucky and Virginia appear to be lost. Both North Carolina and Rhode Island were ineligible; neither had ratified the Constitution yet. No other president since has come into office with a universal mandate to lead. John Hancock did even worse. After a quorum was finally established, the Congress counted and certified the electoral vote count on April 6. Of the remaining candidates, only Adams, Jay, and Hancock received votes from more than one state; with 34 votes, Adams finished second behind only Washington, and by virtue of which fact was elected vice president. However, some advisers and fellow statesmen argued that the volatile political . Of the 69 participating electors, each cast one vote for Washington, who was elected president. Donald Trump. After the war, he becamefirmly established in New Yorks small artistic community. The attack, a response to the magazine's criticism of Islam and depiction of Muhammad, demonstrated the danger of homegrown terror in Europe as well as the read more, On January 7, 1979, Vietnamese troops seize the Cambodian capital of Phnom Penh, toppling the brutal regime of Pol Pot and his Khmer Rouge. The United States presidential election of 1789 was the first presidential election in the United States of America. The inaugural ceremony was performed on Wall Street, near the spot now marked by John Quincy Adams Wards statue of Washington. Need help with homework? On January 7, 1927, the Harlem Globetrotters basketball team travels 48 miles west from Chicago to play their first game in Hinckley, Illinois. 3200 Mount Vernon Memorial HighwayMount Vernon, Virginia 22121. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Our Digital Encyclopedia has all of the answers students and teachers need. Indeed, that alone explains his willingness to endure eight years in the vice presidency, an office devoid of power. Washington was loath to leave the comforts of Mount Vernon, but his fellow Founding Fathers viewed his acceptance of the presidency as a foregone conclusion. Did you know that President Washington never lived in Washington D.C.? Spend the day with us! On April 16, after receiving congressional notification of the honour, Washington set out from Mount Vernon, reaching New York City in time to be inaugurated on April 30 . Considered the best artist in the city, he was the obvious choice for Washington's first presidential portrait. [4] Congress took twenty-eight days to assemble. Answer: The first presidential elections were conducted under a system that allowed electors to cast two votes, with the winner becoming President and the second place finisher becoming Vice President. For the results of the subsequent election, see United States presidential election of 1792. Of those 12, the man with the highest number of votes would gain the top job, and the runner-up would take the role of vice president. (f) One elector from Virginia did not vote and another elector from Virginia was not chosen because an election district failed to submit returns. Washington appeared on all 69 ballots, while nearly half the voters cast their second vote for John Adams, who was duly elected vice president. (b) One electoral district failed to choose an elector. From there, the rest of the field received very few votes each. Washington was essentially unopposed, but Adams faced a competitive re-election against Governor George Clinton of New York. (a) Only six of the 11 states eligible to cast electoral votes chose electors by any form of popular vote. 1st quadrennial U.S. presidential election, 17881789 United States presidential election, New York had ratified the Constitution but its, See "Alternative methods for choosing electors" under, "17881789 United States presidential election", Learn how and when to remove this template message, National Archives and Records Administration, Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, "The Electoral College Count for the Presidential Election of 1789", 178889 United States House of Representatives elections, "National General Election VEP Turnout Rates, 1789-Present", "A Saturday Session in the First Congress | US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives", "The Electoral Count for the Presidential Election of 1789", United States presidential election, 1789, Presidential Election of 1789: A Resource Guide, A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns, 17871825, "A Historical Analysis of the Electoral College", Initiated, co-wrote, 1769 Virginia Association, 178889 United States presidential election, Longfellow HouseWashington's Headquarters National Historic Site, George Washington and the Revolutionary War Door, General George Washington Resigning His Commission, Washington and Jefferson National Forests, WashingtonRochambeau Revolutionary Route, Chairman of the Marine Committee, 1775-1779, United States presidential election 17881789, Massachusetts Historical Society holdings, A Defense of the Constitutions of Government of the United States of America, Family home and John Quincy Adams birthplace, Co-founder and second president, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Memorial to the 56 Signers of the Declaration of Independence, Letters of Mrs. Adams, the Wife of John Adams, elections in which the winner lost the popular vote, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=17881789_United_States_presidential_election&oldid=1141583738, Articles needing additional references from April 2017, All articles needing additional references, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Pages using bar box without float left or float right, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, each elector chosen by voters statewide; however, if no candidate wins majority, state legislature appoints electors from top ten candidates, state divided into electoral districts, with one elector chosen per district by the voters of that district, state had not yet ratified the Constitution, two electors appointed by state legislature, each remaining elector chosen by state legislature from the two most popular candidates in each U.S. House district. *Electors were chosen by legislatures in many states, not by popular vote. President George Washington served his first term with Adams as his vice president from April 1789. "Presidential Difference in the Early Republic: The Highly Disparate Leadership Styles of Washington, Adams, and Jefferson," Presidential Studies Quarterly 36, no. George Washington had wished to retire at the end of his first term in office. He was bothered and disheartened by the emerging political divisions. (Four remaining votes were cast for Jefferson and one for Burr.) The fight to ratify the United States Constitution was still fresh in the memories of the legislators, and the Anti-federalists were resentful for have been forced by events to accept the constitution without amendments. Thomas Jefferson resigned his post as Secretary of State in 1792, while James Madison organized an anti-administration front in the Congress. In 1792, it was time for the second United States presidential election. American Presidential Campaigns and Elections. The recipient of the most votes would then become president, and the runner-up vice president. Skeptics observe that Armstrong received his single vote from a Georgia elector. Having lost the vice president position, he was appointed the 1st Chief Justice by President Washington. Source: United States Office of the Federal Register. All Rights Reserved. (The previous two were the presidential elections of 1789 and 1792, in which George Washington ran without serious opposition.) 11037. Washington set the precedents for how these roles would interact with the presidency, establishing the cabinet as the chief executive's private, trusted advisors. Though all states allowed some rudimentary form of popular vote, only six ratifying states allowed any form of popular vote specifically for presidential electors. Print. Though filled with great anxiety, Washington reported for duty "in obedience to the public summons" and explained that "the voice of my Country called me. Crossword clues for Who ran against George Washington for president It was held from Monday, December 15, 1788, to Saturday, January 10, 1789, under the new Constitution ratified that same year. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. As commander of the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War, Washington had proven masterful at balancing the strategic and political demands of the office. read more, Around midday on January 7, 2015, gunmen raid the offices of French satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo, killing 12 people. Though no organized political parties yet existed, political opinion loosely divided between those who had more stridently and enthusiastically endorsed ratification of the Constitution, called Federalists or Cosmopolitans, and Anti-Federalists or Localists who had only more reluctantly, skeptically, or conditionally supported, or who had outright opposed ratification. The election took place following the ratification of the United States Constitution in 1788. United States presidential election of 1792, American presidential election held in 1792, in which George Washington unanimously won a second term as president of the United States. "The Election of 1788-89." Armonk, NY: Sharpe Reference, 2003. The vote totals of Virginia appear to be incomplete. For example, Hamilton aimed to ensure that Adams did not inadvertently tie Washington in the electoral vote. "Alexander Hamilton". The Mount Vernon Ladies Association has been maintaining the Mount Vernon Estate since they acquired it from the Washington family in 1858. Indeed, the incumbent president enjoyed bipartisan support and received one vote from every elector. Discover the Home of George and Martha Washington, The Fred W. Smith National Library for the Study of George Washington. The candidate with the second most votes in the Electoral College, whether a majority or a plurality, was elected vice president. George Washington. In New York, the race for governor was fought along these lines. However, officially, there were three names on the ballot, with the other two deemed presidential candidates on a technicality. Aaron Burr, New Yorks attorney general, was briefly considered as a Republican candidate as well but ultimately ceded to Clinton. Who ran against George Washington in the first election? He won the Presidents job based on his influence and experience. Citizens of the new nation showed up in droves. February 2011. Suffering from diminished physical abilities, Pres. One of the ragged legions of gold and silver prospectors who combed the Rocky Mountains searching for fortune in the 1860s,AlferdPacker also supplemented his meager income read more, On January 7, 1891, Zora Neale Hurston, novelist and folklorist, is born inNotasulga, Alabama. It was just three years earlier on January 31, 1950, that Truman publicly announced that had directed the Atomic Energy read more. Collier, Christopher. The vice-presidential vote split between John Adams (34), John Jay (9), Robert Harrison (6), and John Rutledge (6). Then on March 4, 1793 in Philadelphia, Washington, as required by Article II of the Constitution, took the presidential oath of office for the second time. The American People as Christian White Men of Property:Suffrage and Elections in Colonial and Early National America. Mount Vernon is owned and maintained by the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union, a private, non-profit organization. "I walk on untrodden ground," was a frequent comment he made in the days leading up to his first inauguration. "use strict";(function(){var insertion=document.getElementById("citation-access-date");var date=new Date().toLocaleDateString(undefined,{month:"long",day:"numeric",year:"numeric"});insertion.parentElement.replaceChild(document.createTextNode(date),insertion)})(); FACT CHECK: We strive for accuracy and fairness. [7], Source (Popular Vote): A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787-1825[8]. Adams received 77 votes as Washington's running mate on the Federalist ticket to 50 for Democratic-Republican George Clinton, 4 for Thomas Jefferson, and 1 for Aaron Burr. George Washingtons cabinet included just four original members: Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson, Secretary of Treasury Alexander Hamilton, Secretary of War Henry Knox, and Attorney General Edmund Randolph. We don't accept government funding and rely upon private contributions to help preserve George Washington's home and legacy. It was held from Friday, November 2, to Wednesday, December 5, 1792. Shade, William G., and Ballard C. Campbell. With 77 electoral votes, John Adams was re-elected, positioning him well enough to become Washington's presidential heir apparent. **In this election, and in others until 1804, each elector voted for two individuals without indicating which was to be president and which was to be vice president. Mount Vernon is owned and maintained by the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union, a private, non-profit organization. Adams won 77 electoral votes, enough to win re-election. On the other hand, Washington could not escape his conscience. With a hand on the Bible, a "sacred volume" borrowed from a local Masonic lodge and subsequently known as the "George Washington Inaugural Bible," he said, "I, George Washington, do solemnly swear that I will faithfully execute the Office of President of the United States, and will to the best of my Ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States." The disaster, the worst mining catastrophe in Oklahomas history, was mainly due to the mine owners emphasis on profits over safety. They had no chance of unseating Washington, but hoped to win the vice presidency by defeating the incumbent, Adams. Madison was at first a Federalist until he opposed the establishment of Hamilton's First Bank of the United States in 1791. Updates? In short, we can celebrate that Founding Father George Washington was so highly beloved and respected that every elector cast their first vote for him. Washington never really ran for president. Congress sets January 7, 1789 as the date by which states are required to choose electors for the country's first-ever presidential election. The opposition led by Jefferson and Madison would become known as the Democratic-Republican Party. The results of the 1789 U.S. presidential election are provided in the table. Inventing Congress: Origins and Establishment of the First Federal Congress. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! The candidate who received a majority of the votes was elected president. But Washington's tremendous popularity was not transferable to Adams across the country, as the Vice President lost the South. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. For example, Alexander Hamilton spoke for national opinion when in a letter to Washington attempting to persuade him to leave retirement on his farm in Mount Vernon to serve as the first President, he wrote that "the point of light in which you stand at home and abroad will make an infinite difference in the respectability in which the government will begin its operations in the alternative of your being or not being the head of state.". Presidential candidates of the 21st century spend millions of dollars winning the endorsements of their parties and mounting nationwide campaigns. Behind Washington, John Adams, who most recently had served as the first U.S. ambassador to Great Britain, finished with 34 electoral votes and became the first vice president of the United States. The Mount Vernon Ladies Association has been maintaining the Mount Vernon Estate since they acquired it from the Washington family in 1858. Washington was both an obvious first choice for president and possibly the only truly viable choice. Learn more abouthow George Washington shaped the role and function of the President of the United States. As with the previous presidential election, each elector voted for two candidates. A great crowd broke into cheers as Washington, standing on the balcony of Federal Hall, took the oath administered by Chancellor Robert Livingston and retired indoors to read to Congress his inaugural address. 19. level 2. Anti-Federalist leaders such as Patrick Henry, who did not run, and George Clinton, who had opposed ratification of the Constitution, also represented potential choices. Michaelsen, William B. This election was the first in which each of the original 13 states appointed electors, as did the newly added states of Kentucky and Vermont. Discover the Home of George and Martha Washington. "Voting and American Democracy." President Washington's inauguration was celebrated with illuminations and fireworks. Washington believed that the precedents he set must make the presidency powerful enough to function effectively in the national government, but at the same time these practices could not show any tendency toward monarchy or dictatorship. The distribution of the electoral vote between the four runners-up showed a high degree of party discipline, with only two electors voting contrary to the majority in their state. (a) New York's legislature did not choose electors on time. Different state legislatures chose different methods:[11]. https://www.britannica.com/event/United-States-presidential-election-of-1792, George Washington's Mount Vernon - Presidential Election of 1792, Maps of World - U.S. Presidential Election 1792, Gilbert Stuart: portrait of George Washington, United States presidential election of 1789, United States presidential election of 1796. Federal power, strictly limited, was reserved to the Congress of the Confederation whose "President of the United States in Congress Assembled" was also chair of the Committee of the States which aimed to fulfill a function similar to that of the modern Cabinet. Source: .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}Dubin, Michael J. The Globetrotters were the creation of Abe Saperstein of Chicago, who took over coaching duties for a team of African American players read more, The confessed Colorado cannibal Alferd Packer is released from prison on parole after serving 18 years. Adams received the support of New England, South Carolina, and the Mid-Atlantic states (excepting New York), while Clinton carried New York and most of the South. Source: .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}"Electoral College Box Scores 17891996".
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